子宫切除术 is a major surgical procedure in which the uterus is removed. Many women choose hysterectomy to definitively resolve their 子宫肌瘤 症状. 子宫切除术后, 经血停止, 盆腔压力减轻, frequent urination improves and new 子宫肌瘤s cannot grow. A woman can no longer become pregnant after a hysterectomy.
子宫切除术
The ovaries are not necessarily removed during a hysterectomy. 一般来说，如果一个女人在 更年期 或接近更年期，卵巢被切除. The ovaries may also be removed if they look abnormal or if the patient wants to decrease her chance of developing 卵巢癌 后来的生活. 绝经前妇女, 切除卵巢会引起潮热, 阴道干涩等症状. You should discuss the pros and cons of ovarian removal with your doctor.
There are several hysterectomy surgical approaches: a vaginal hysterectomy, an abdominal hysterectomy and a laparoscopic hysterectomy. The choice of procedure will depend on the size of the uterus and several other factors.
阴道子宫切除术
A vaginal hysterectomy is performed by removing the uterus through the vagina rather than through an incision on the abdomen. To be eligible for a vaginal hysterectomy, your uterus must be a certain size and not too large.
You will likely be asleep during the procedure and spend two nights in the hospital. After the procedure, you will experience significant pain for 24 hours and mild pain for 10 days. 完全康复通常需要四周时间. 你的皮肤上不会有任何疤痕.
风险
Complications from surgery may include bleeding, infections and injury to the intestines or bladder.
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腹部子宫切除术
在腹部子宫切除术中, the uterus is removed through a horizontal incision on the lower abdomen, 这被称为“比基尼式剪裁”." If the uterus is very large or if there is a scar from an earlier operation, it may be necessary to make a vertical incision instead.
有不同类型的腹部子宫切除术:
- 全腹子宫切除术 involves removing the uterus and the cervix, which is the lowest part of the uterus. 有过这种经历的女性 子宫颈癌筛检结果异常 are usually encouraged to have their cervix removed at the time of the hysterectomy.
- 宫颈次全或宫颈上子宫切除术 只需要切除子宫的上部. Women who retain their cervix may have less bladder leakage and vaginal relaxation 后来的生活; however, 这还没有得到科学的证实. 有过这种经历的女性 a supra-cervical hysterectomy will continue to need periodic pap smears. 除了, some women will have monthly spotting or light bleeding if endometrial glands are still embedded in the cervical tissue.
腹部子宫切除术需要全身麻醉. 大多数病人将在十大赌博平台排行榜呆三天. 恢复通常需要六周, although some women experience a complication from surgery that requires a longer recovery time. After surgery, you will have a four-inch horizontal scar near the pubic hair or "bikini" line.
风险
Like any surgical procedure, an abdominal hysterectomy does have some risks, though rare. About 5 percent of women develop an infection after surgery that is treated with antibiotics in the hospital for as many as five days. About 5 percent of women develop a wound infection that is treated at home but requires frequent visits to the doctor's office for up to six weeks.
Other possible complications include bleeding, infection and injury to the intestines or bladder.
腹腔镜子宫切除术
腹腔镜子宫切除术 is a new procedure in which the uterus is removed through very small incisions on the lower abdomen. The cervix, or lower portion of the uterus, remains in place. Women with large 子宫肌瘤s or a large uterus may not be candidates for a laparoscopic hysterectomy. 也, sometimes during the operation it is necessary to switch from a laparoscopic hysterectomy to an abdominal hysterectomy.
在程序中, four one-centimeter incisions are made in the lower abdomen: one at the belly button, 在比基尼线以下靠近阴毛的地方, 每个髋部各一个. 腹腔充满了二氧化碳气体. 一个瘦, lighted telescope is placed through an incision so the doctors can see the ovaries, 输卵管和子宫. Long instruments, inserted through the other incisions, are used to remove the uterus. A special instrument is used to cut the uterus into smaller segments for removal through the small incisions. At the end of the procedure, the gas is released and the skin incisions are closed.
在手术过程中你会睡着. Most women spend one night in the hospital and two to four weeks recovering at home.
风险
Complications may include injuries to internal organs and bleeding.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. It is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace the advice of your doctor or other health care provider. We encourage you to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your provider.
