心脏PET扫描

定义

A heart positron emission tomography (PET) scan is an imaging test that uses a radioactive substance called a tracer to look for disease or poor blood flow in the heart.

不像 磁共振成像 (MRI)和 计算机断层扫描 (CT), which reveal the structure of organs and blood flow to and from them, a PET scan gives more information about how organs and tissues are working.

A heart PET scan can detect whether areas of your heart muscle are receiving enough blood, if there is heart damage or scar tissue in the heart, or if there is a buildup of abnormal substances in the heart muscle.

选择的名字

Heart positron emission tomography; Myocardial PET scan

如何执行测试

A PET scan requires a small amount of radioactive material (tracer).

• This tracer is given through a vein (IV), most often on the inside of your elbow.
• It travels through your blood and collects in organs and tissues, including your heart.
• The tracer helps the radiologist see certain areas or diseases more clearly.

You will need to wait nearby as the tracer is absorbed by your body. 在大多数情况下，这需要大约1个小时.

Then, you will lie on a narrow table, which slides into a large tunnel-shaped scanner.

• 心电图电极(心电图)会放在你的胸前. PET扫描仪检测来自示踪剂的信号.
• 计算机将结果转换成3d图像.
• The images are displayed on a monitor for the radiologist to read.

You must lie still during the PET scan so that the machine can produce clear images of your heart.

Sometimes, the test is done in conjunction with stress testing (exercise or pharmacologic stress).

测试大约需要90分钟.

如何准备考试

You may be asked not to eat anything for 4 to 6 hours before the scan. 你就可以喝水了. Sometimes you may be given a special diet before the test.

如果出现以下情况，请告知您的医疗保健提供者:

• You are afraid of close spaces (have claustrophobia). You may be given a medicine to help you feel sleepy and less anxious.
• 你怀孕了，或者觉得自己可能怀孕了.
• 你对注射染料过敏吗?.
• 你用胰岛素治疗糖尿病. 你需要为考试做特别准备.

Always tell your provider about the medicines you are taking, 包括那些非处方购买的. Sometimes, medicines may interfere with the test results.

考试的感觉如何

You may feel a sharp sting when the needle containing the tracer is placed into your vein.

PET扫描不会引起疼痛. The table may be hard or cold, but you can request a blanket or pillow.

An intercom in the room allows you to speak to someone at any time.

There is no recovery time, unless you were given a medicine to relax.

为什么要进行测试

A heart PET scan can reveal the size, shape, position, and some function of the heart.

It is most often used when other tests, such as electrocardiogram (心电图), echocardiogram and 心脏负荷测试 没有提供足够的信息.

This test can be used to diagnose heart problems and show areas in which there is poor blood flow to the heart.

Several PET scans may be taken over time to determine how well you are responding to treatment for heart disease.

正常的结果

如果你的测试涉及到锻炼, a normal test will usually mean that you were able to exercise for as long as or longer than most people of your age and sex. You also did not have symptoms or changes in blood pressure or your 心电图 that caused concern.

There are no problems detected in the size, shape, or function of the heart. There are no areas in which the radiotracer has abnormally collected.

异常结果意味着什么

异常结果可能是由于:

• 冠状动脉疾病
• 心脏衰竭 or 心肌病

风险

PET扫描使用的辐射量很低. It is about the same amount of radiation as in most CT scans. Also, the radiation does not last for very long in your body.

Women who are pregnant or are breastfeeding should let their provider know before having this test. Infants and babies developing in the womb are more sensitive to the effects of radiation because their organs are still growing.

It is possible, although very unlikely, to have an allergic reaction to the radioactive substance. Some people have pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site.

注意事项

PET扫描有可能产生错误的结果. Blood sugar or insulin levels may affect the test results in people with 糖尿病.

Most PET scans are now performed along with a CT scan. 这种组合扫描称为PET/CT.

参考文献

Dorbala S, Di Carli MF. 核心脏病学. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 12日艾德. 费城，宾夕法尼亚州:Elsevier 2022:第18章.

克莱默CM，贝勒GA，哈格斯皮尔KD. 无创心脏显像. 参见:Goldman L, Schafer AI主编. Goldman-Cecil医学. 26日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 50.

Nensa F, Schlosser T. 心脏正电子发射断层扫描/magnetic resonance. 见:Manning WJ, Pennell DJ，编辑. 心血管磁共振. 3日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 50.

塔玛拉·拉. 心脏正电子发射断层扫描. In: Levine GN, ed. 心脏病的秘密. 6日艾德. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 9.